Big data analytics:Computational intelligence techniques and application areas

Big Data has significant impact in developing functional smart cities and supporting modern societies. In this paper, we investigate the importance of Big Data in modern life and economy, and discuss challenges arising from Big Data utilization. Different computational intelligence techniques have been considered as tools for Big Data analytics. We also explore the powerful combination of Big Data and Computational Intelligence (CI) and identify a number of areas, where novel applications in real world smart city problems can be developed by utilizing these powerful tools and techniques. We present a case study for intelligent transportation in the context of a smart city, and a novel data modelling methodology based on a biologically inspired universal generative modelling approach called Hierarchical Spatial-Temporal State Machine (HSTSM). We further discuss various implications of policy, protection, valuation and commercialization related to Big Data, its applications and deployment

Nasal High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation versus Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation In Pre-terms With Respiratory Distress Syndrome During Early Neonatal Period: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of NHFOV versus NIPPV in reducing the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates with RDS (moderate-severe) during the first seven days of the life of neonate. Study Design: Randomized controlled study (ACTRN: 12622000291785). Place and Duration of Study: Neonatal Unit, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi Pakistan, from Jan to Aug 2021. Methodology: Forty-eight preterm neonates, with the gestational age of 27 weeks to 34 weeks with Respiratory distress Syndrome, were randomized to NHFOV Group (n=24) and NIPPV Group (n=24). The primary outcome was the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The secondary outcomes were the duration of hospitalization, non-invasive respiratory support, mortality, abdominal distention, pneumothorax, need for surgery for patent ductus arteriosus, spontaneous intestinal perforation, and necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage≥ Grade-3, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity Stage-3. Results: There was no significant difference between NHFOV (64.7%) versus NIPPV (35.3%) groups in need of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (p=0.13). Secondary outcomes were not significant between the two groups, air leak (p=0.31),necrotising enterocolitis (p=1.00), broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (p=0.31), retinopathy of prematurity (p=0.15).There was no intraventricular haemorrhage found between the two groups. Conclusion: Nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation was less statistically significant than NIPPV in reducing the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in the initial seven days of life in neonates with Respiratory distress syndrome

Investigation of change in different properties of sandstone and dolomite samples during matrix acidizing using chelating agents

Properties of rock, such as effective porosity, permeability and pore size distribution (PSD), are generally referred to as petrophysical properties. These properties are among the most significant for reservoir evaluation. Acid stimulation treatments are usually used in sandstones to mitigate the impact of formation damage, with the aim of restoring or enhancing the natural matrix permeability and consequently boosting the well productivity. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is commonly used in the preflush stage to remove calcium and other metal ions, preventing the development of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) and other silicate precipitates that could block the pore throats, while an acid mixture (HF–HCl combination) is usually preferred as the main stimulation fluid for the removal of quartz and remaining metal ions. However, sometimes the application of these acids can lead to other problems, including fast reactions, corrosion of pipes, environmental hazards, precipitation reactions and formation damage due to the incompatibility of HCl with clay minerals, so chelating agents have been proposed as an alternative for matrix stimulation fluids. In this study, three different chelating agents, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine-N,N′,N′-triacetic acid (HEDTA) and N-acetyl-l-glutamic acid (GLDA), have been used to stimulate Berea sandstone, Colton tight sandstone and Guelph dolomite samples. Core flood experiments were conducted on 1.5 × 3 (in 2 ) core plugs, at a temperature below 180 °F. A slow injection rate of (1–0.5 cc/min) was chosen for the treatment fluid, promoting the dissolution of ions by increasing the contact time between the fluid and the rock. Furthermore, nuclear magnetic resonance, wettability and micro-computed tomography (CT scan) analyses were employed to evaluate the effect of the acid treatment on formation properties such as porosity, PSD, pore topology, wettability and pore structure. After exposing the samples to HEDTA, large wormholes were detected in their pore network, demonstrating that HEDTA has the highest potential to create new pore spaces when compared to GLDA and EDTA when reacted with both types of samples

A Holistic Analysis of Internet of Things (IoT) Security : Principles, Practices, and New Perspectives

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

N'-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)acetohydrazide

N'-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)acetohydrazid

Smart telephone design - caller identification and answering machine

This paper presents some advance facilities and services related to the use of every day telephone. The Caller Identification and Answering Machine are the advance functions of telephone. The telephone system can be used as a tele-security system. This research work is based on potential use of low cost 8-bit microcontroller. Caller Identification (Caller ID) system is the feature of digital telephone network and it is supported by Signaling System No. 7 (SS 7) which uses a separate call data circuit. The Caller ID information is transmitted on the subscriber loop using Frequency Shift Key (FSK) modem tones and data is embedded between the first and second ring of the ringing signal. A Caller ID decoding circuit has been designed for decoding frequency shift keying (FSK) modem tone and an appropriate ASCII code has been displayed in LCD display unit. Answering machine is a device that answers the telephone calls in absence of called party and records the incoming message into cassette. A ring detector circuit, outgoing Message (OGM) sender circuit, tape driver circuit, duel tone multiplexed frequency (DTMF) encoder circuit and calling party control (CPC) circuit have been developed for answering machine device. DTMF generator circuit and sensor signal management circuit has been integrated to provide the tele-security system. PIC 16C84 (8-bit microcontroller) controls all logic operations as it was programmed. A software has been made in Assembly language for programming the microcontroller

4-Nitro-N′-[(E)-3-pyridylmethyl­idene]benzohydrazide

In the title moleclue, C13H10N4O3, the methyl­idene–hydrazide [–C(=O)—N—N=C–] fragment is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.0228 (7) Å. The mean planes of the benzene and pyridine rings make dihedral angles of 25.44 (6) and 5.47 (7)°, respectively, with the mean plane of the methyl­idene–hydrazide fragment. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into chains along the b axis. Additional stabilization is provided by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The O atoms of the nitro group are disordered over two sets of sites of equal occupancy

N′-(2,4-Dinitro­phen­yl)acetohydrazide

In the title compound, C8H8N4O5, the nitro groups ortho and para to the hydrazone group are twisted by 10.0 (2) and 3.6 (2)°, respectively, relative to the aromatic ring. The structure exhibits an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the hydrazide and ortho-nitro groups. There is a strong inter­molecular C=O⋯H—N hydrogen bond, giving rise to chains, and weaker ONO⋯NO2 [2.944 (2) Å] and C—H⋯O—N inter­actions linking the mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network